Reengineering Life
Researchers Just Took a Major Step Toward Decoding the Entire Human Genome
17 years after the Human Genome Project, researchers unlocked the X chromosome
Reengineering Life is a series from OneZero about the astonishing ways genetic technology is changing humanity and the world around us.
By the time the Human Genome Project ended its 13-year run in 2003, it had mapped about 90% of our entire genetic code. But some of the remaining parts have proved difficult to decode. As DNA reading technology has improved over the years, those gaps are gradually filling in and researchers are getting closer to building a complete picture of the genome. But there are still about 100 or so regions that are incomplete, including a handful of sections in the X chromosome.
Now, for the first time, scientists have produced an end-to-end map of the X chromosome. The achievement, which could help scientists better understand a number of genetic conditions, was published July 14 in the journal Nature.
Mapping these regions in the X chromosome and elsewhere has stumped researchers because they contain lots of repetitive DNA segments, making them a challenge to sequence. These segments can repeat for thousands or even millions of DNA…
